*Compare vulnerable populations. **Describe an example of one of these groups in the United States or from another country. ***Explain why the population is designated as “vulnerable”. ****Include the number of individuals belonging to this group and the *specific challenges or issues involved. *****Discuss why these populations are unable to *advocate for themselves, the *ethical issues that must be considered when working with these groups, and how nursing *advocacy would be beneficial.
– APA 7th Edition, no abstract.
– Thesis must contain the essence of the paper.
– Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper.
– Clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
– Follow the order of the questions.
– Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Vulnerable Populations
It is unfortunate that in a developed country such as the United States of America, certain populations are unable to access and enjoy quality basic services. Specifically, significant disparities have been identified in the healthcare system, with certain population groups being particularly vulnerable to such disparities (Joszt, 2018). In the U.S., vulnerable populations include the disabled and chronically ill persons, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people, the elderly and the very young, those living in rural areas, and the homeless as well as low-income households. Recent trend in population growth indicate that the elderly population is growing at a high rate, unprecedented in the history of the U.S. (Mather, Scommegna & Kilduff, 2019). Given this significance, nurses ought to play their advocacy roles well when dealing with elderly patients.
The elderly comprise a significant percentage of the U.S. population. According to the Rural Health Information Hub (2019), over 46 million people U.S. residents are aged 65 years and above. The same source estimates that in the next 30 years, this figure will double. Elderly people are considered vulnerable because they are highly likely to be exploited and harmed (Bozzaro, Boldt & Schweda, 2018). More importantly, the elderly typically fit in the description of vulnerable populations. According to this description, vulnerability is categorized into three facets: social, physical and psychological. In summary, vulnerable populations are those that are prone to chronic illnesses disorders such as hypertension, schizophrenia, and diabetes. From a social point of view, vulnerable groups include the homeless and people living in families that are abusive. Based on this description, the elderly belong to the vulnerable populations because, among other things, most of them live with children and older adults, meaning they are dependent (Golaz & Rutaremwa, 2011). This makes them vulnerable to abuse by the people on whom they depend.
In addition, elderly people are considered a vulnerable group due to health-related issues that tend to be prevalent in this particular group. According to Joszt (2018), the vulnerability of older adults to diseases and various health issues is relatively higher compared to other age groups. This is because the immunity of this group is relatively low; they also tend to suffer from multiple medical conditions. In general, older patients have been found to suffer from functional limitations and low literacy; they also exhibit difficulties when it comes to care coordination. Moreover, conditions such as dementia and cognitive impairment, which are common health indicators among the elderly, make this population unable to advocate for itself (Hooper et al., 2019).Due to their vulnerability, the elderly particularly require nursing advocacy. As Joszt (2018) rightly observes, elderly people do not always get the care prescribed for them, especially where preventive care is concerned. In view of this, it is very important that nurses play an advocacy role when dealing with elderly patients.
Due to the functional limitations and vulnerabilities outlined above, it is very easy for nurses to find themselves faced by ethical dilemmas as they provide care to elderly patients. Although older adults tend to suffer from cognitive impairment, informed consent must be sought at all times by nurses. Patients should be allowed to make decisions regarding treatment options. Where this is not possible, the nurse should involve a family member or a guardian who will make such decisions. There is also the issue of confidentiality; the kind of information that the nurse releases to other professionals and patients’ family members should be evaluated so that it does not cause violation of confidentiality (Jordan, 2009). Lastly, the issue of multiple relationships may arise when care is being provided to an elderly patient. This usually happens when the nurse must provide care to the client in his/her home.
References
Bozzaro, C., Boldt, J., & Schweda, M. (2018). Are older people a vulnerable group? Philosophical and bioethical perspectives on ageing and vulnerability. Bioethics, 32(4), 233-239.
Golaz, V., & Rutaremwa, G. (2011). The vulnerability of older adults: what do census data say? An application to Uganda. African Population Studies, 25(2).
Hooper, S., Teitelbaum, J., Parekh, A. & Fabiny, A. (2019). Legal advocacy to improve care for older adults with complex needs. www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hblog20190514.199890/full/
Jordan, V. (2009). Ethical issues with older adults. The California Psychologist, 33-34.
Joszt, L. (2018). 5 vulnerable populations in healthcare. www.ajmc.com/view/5-vulnerable-populations-in-healthcare
Mather, M., Scommegna, P. & Kilduff, L. (2019). Fact sheet: aging in the United States. www.prb.org/aging-unitedstates-fact-sheet/
Rural Health Information Hub. (2019). Demographic changes and aging population. www.ruralhealthinfo.org/toolkits/aging/1/demographics#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20population%20is%20aging,grow%20to%20almost%2090%20million.&text=This%20means%20by%202030%2C%201,65%20years%20old%20and%20over.
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