School Disaster Preparation Program

You have been asked to set up a disaster preparation program for your town or school or organization. Describe how you would set up a disaster preparation program through the stages of preparation (preparedness, response and recovery) and the nurse’s role in each phase) outlined in your book. Discuss how disaster management is related to Healthy People 2020. Specifically consider areas that relate to unintentional injury, environmental health, and food and/or drug safety.

SAMPLE PAPER

School Disaster Preparation Program

Introduction

Natural and manmade emergencies can occur at any time, and thus being prepared to address them effectively and safety. This requires preparation, response and recovery to stay safe and minimize the effect. The objective of this school disaster preparation program is to protect the staff and students from harm, ensure educational continuity for all children and to maintain the culture of safety.

Preparedness capabilities

Experience indicates that planning is best performed by a team. Therefore, the starting point is forming a disaster management committee responsible for planning calendar of activities. It also involves empowering school disaster management committee to develop, adapt and implement the disaster management plan. Assessment of hazards involves identification of all potential vulnerabilities and risks the school face (International Financial Corporation, n.d). This includes examining the structural and nonstructural safety requirements of the school. Assessing to identify resources and capacities is needed for prevention, mitigation, response and recovery. Skills and knowledge for risk mitigation focuses on professional experts in their respective fields. Response and recovery resources include emergency management experts, health professionals and volunteer groups. Share and communicate the plan with community partners to ensure seamless integration of all responders and avail more resources. Plan to reduce the dangers by putting the environment, health and physical measures in place.

Nurses promote environmental health through identification of hazards. They also serve on public health team for risk reduction.

Response development

This step involves skills, procedures and provisions. Systematic organization of response is the most important aspect of response development in which skills and resources are mobilized during emergency. Incident Command System (ICS) is used as the standard emergency management system for coordinating standard functions. ICS may constitute incident command, communication team, administrators and logistic branch (International Financial Corporation, n.d). School staff is the first respondent and shall take charge of the scene till it is resolved to transfer incident and command management to appropriate emergency responder. It also involves developing response skills and holding simulation emergency drills tailored to expected dangers. It covers evaluation procedures, notification procedures, and evacuation.

Recovery Capacity

This documents specific procedures, process and courses of action to be taken before, during and after a disaster occurs. The aim of recovery plan is to save life and provide aid and support to victims. Recovery may cover four areas, which are academic recovery, structural recovery, and psychological recovery and functions recovery. Recovery plan includes assistance to students, staff and parents. The process includes restoration of class services and utilities, relocating classes temporarily, provision of healthcare services and reconstruction of damaged buildings (International Financial Corporation, n.d). Restoring learning activities is the very essential. Implementation of continuity of plan is also essential.

Nurses have unique knowledge and skills for all facets of disaster, including assessment, setting priorities, collaboration and tackling both acute and preventive care needs. They can also serve their community in disaster by way of disease screening and health education, liaison work, resource referral, rapid needs assessment and psychological first aid (Stanhope, & Lancaster, 2016). The role of the nurse in recovery is to assess mental and behavioral health of teachers, students and staff. The nurse also provide individual and group counseling. Disaster affects every healthy people 2020 objective by affecting people’s health (Stanhope, & Lancaster, 2016). Disasters affect objectives associated with environmental health, infectious disease, mental health and mental problems, immunization and food safety. For this reason, organizations work with communities in the domains of preparedness, response and recovery stages of emergency disasters and to align the Healthy People 2020 objectives associated with mental health. 

References

Stanhope, M., & In Lancaster, J. (2016). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in the community. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier

International Financial Corporation. (n.d). Disaster and Emergency Preparedness: Guidance for Schools. https://www.preventionweb.net/files/13989_ifcdisasteremergencyhandbook63010.pdf

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