QUESTION
How does planning play a role in HSEP and what type of planning should be considered?
ANSWER
How does planning play a role in HSEP and what type of planning should be considered?
Years after the September 11 attacks, the United States is still at risk for various disasters, including terrorist attacks and catastrophic natural hazards. The Department of Homeland Security has the responsibility to ensure that government agencies, non-governmental organizations, communities, and citizens are well prepared for the emergencies that arise from the disasters (Johnson & Hunter, 2017). This helps to save lives and protect property. In order to ensure that all the concerned parties are thoroughly prepared for a disaster, there is need to have an effective plan on how to go about it.
Planning plays a significant role in Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness (HSEP). It helps to ensure that a potential crisis is detected and managed in time (Kahan, 2015; Johnson & Hunter, 2017). Both operational and strategic planning leads to the establishment of priorities in emergency preparedness, and identification of response capabilities. Proper planning enables response partners to coordinate as a team in both large and small disasters (Kahan, 2015; Baker & Ludwig, 2018). This in turn ensures that emergencies are effectively addressed in time.
Preparedness for a potential disaster and the associated emergency requires a detailed plan. This plan can be in form of a process that begins before the occurrence of a disaster and ends after full recovery has been made. The process begins with prevention actions put in place to avoid disaster. Prevention is followed by mitigation measures that reduce chance of occurrence. Next is the phase of preparedness activities that increase the community’s responding ability. After this are response actions before, during, and after a disaster. The process ends with recovery efforts that can help to normalize the situation (Johnson & Hunter, 2017; Rodríguez-Espíndola et al., 2018).
In conclusion, it is important to note that planning is necessary in HSEP. The process enables emergency teams to provide a unified response to disasters. Without proper planning, more lives and properties are likely to be lost whenever a disaster strikes. Therefore, there is need for the Homeland security to ensure that preparedness for emergency is effectively planned.
References:
Baker, N. D. & Ludwig, L. G. (2018) Disaster preparedness as social control. Critical Policy Studies, 12 (1): 24-43. DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2016.1214075
Johnson, T. C. & Hunter, R. D. (2017). Changes in homeland security activities since 9/11: an examination of state and local law enforcement agencies’ practices. Police Practice and Research An International Journal, 18 (2). https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2016.1261253
Kahan, J. H. (2015). Emergency management and homeland security: Exploring the relationship. J Emerg Manag, 13(6):483-498.doi: 10.5055/jem.2015.0258.
Rodríguez-Espíndola, O., Albores, P. & Brewster, C. (2018). Disaster preparedness in humanitarian logistics: A collaborative approach for resource management in floods. European Journal of Operational Research, 264 (3): 978-993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2017.01.021
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