American Civil War
The main reason behind the civil war was splitting of the United States into two: the union and the confederacy. There was a plan was to reinstate the union and eventually involve it in the emancipation of the slaves. Reconstruction was a time period of rebuilding the southern states and bringing stability to the citizens in the south. Reconstruction period was marred by the massive discrimination of the slaves (Gienapp12). The American civil war was a conflict between the northern and the southern sections of the United States. The North had more population, natural resources, wealth and industrial capacity than the south. Most of the major battles were fought in the southern states. Eleven southern slaves’ states declared their secession from the United States and formed the confederate states of America. The confederate states surrendered after our years of war and slavery was banned. Slavery officially banned in the U.S in December 1865 by the 13 amendment which made the ownership of slaves a federal offence. The southerners were fighting to preserve slavery while the Northern wanted to preserve the union.
Public historical site were developed to commemorate the civil war such as the civil war parks. Many monuments were erected in the American civil war parks. Most of them portray standing soldiers and men in battle action. These monuments bring to mind the physical intensity of the battle, heroism and grief. One of the parks is the Gettysburg National Military Park which was created by an act of congress signed into law by President Grover Cleveland on February 11, 1895. The law directed the war department to establish the park as a means to memorialize the importance of the American Civil War. Gettysburg Park is also remembered for the speech by Abraham Lincoln known as the Gettysburg address, which some say is the most famous speech in the history of man. The Hazen monument at Stone River National Battlefield was one of the two battle field monuments erected be the Union Army during the war. They were erected in to honor their fellow soldier who had fought and died at the same place.
The civil war battlefield parks were preserved due to their historical significance. The battle scene has been restored at the battle field park this includes maintaining of historical roads, forests and fields. Sizable monuments and many stone markers along the troop position tablets tracing the course of the battle and honoring the soldiers who fought in the civil war park (Sellars 31). The battlefields have also been ornamented with memorial sculpture and large monuments. They provide a striking visual feature of the military park. They also provide the physical manifestation of the battlefield’s sacredness. There have been a growing number in battlefield tourism since the end of the civil war. The growing attendance made Gettysburg battle field to be transformed into a fully developed military park. Features such as avenues, monuments and fences located near the key battle field positions. The park has seen economic development due to increased tourism. At Shiloh, there are the united daughters of the confederacy monument depicting three allegorical figures, the south, death and night (Sellars 40). It was erected in 1917 and it symbolizes the course of the battle and expressing profound grief. Other military parks include the Chickamauga, Chattanooga and Antietam.
The civil war parks remind us of how the massive loss of lives led to the establishment of the republican North and the Democratic south. The history battlefield reminds us of the civil war that allowed for reassurance of power in the national government by overturning the notion of nullification and secession. The civil war parks enable us understand how the freedom of the slaves came about. These parks also remind the people why Abraham Lincoln and other people are ingrained into the historical lexicon of the American people. With the military parks the importance of the civil war becomes immediately known, for instance, civil war paved way for the civil rights legislation. The military parks accorded the rights of memory of the conflict to the veterans, both the confederates and those who advocated for union. This proves that the veterans fostered a complete and swift reconciliation. The American’s battle parks show a legacy of commemorative and reconciliatory efforts of the veterans.
The Antietam military park reminds us of the importance of the battle that led to the Emancipation proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln. The union defeated the confederates at the battle of Antietam. The historical battlefields emphasize the need for nationalism. The confederacy lost the war because they did not have a sense for nationalism as the North had. On the other hand, the historical battle fields indicate the dangerous effects of war and that consensus should always be sought in order to avoid it. The military parks are a constant remainder of how the United States became a nation. Before the civil war America was a country of volunteer states or regions that wanted to benefit on their own. Therefore, the civil war brought the different regions together to form a nation under one federal government.
Works Cited
Gienapp, William E. The Civil War and Reconstruction: New York: W W Norton & Co Inc, 2001.
Sellars, West Richard. Pilgrim Places: Civil War Battlefields, Historic Preservation, and America’s First National Military Parks, 1863-1900. Accessed on December 9, 2011 < http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/sellars.pdf>
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